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Chronic Stress Increased Mouse D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptors

Stylized striatal dopamine receptor map in a mouse stress model, highlighting widespread D1 receptor binding increases and selective D2 changes after chronic mild stress.

Chronic stress is a candidate mechanism for both depression and addiction risk. A 2026 mouse study found that 28 days of unpredictable chronic mild stress increased striatal dopamine D1 receptor binding by 22–48% across nearly every region examined, plus more selective D2 receptor increases — pointing to a stress-driven shift in reward signaling that may …

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Dexamethasone Disrupts Mouse Sleep Through Orexin Hyperarousal

Photoreal illustration of a steroid pill bottle with overlay of disrupted sleep architecture, conveying glucocorticoid-induced insomnia mechanism.

A 2026 male-mouse study found that 30 mg/kg dexamethasone for 5 days increased light-phase wakefulness (t13 = 4.122, p = 0.0012), decreased NREM sleep (t13 = 4.412, p = 0.0007), and amplified orexin-neuron activity during NREM-to-wake transitions (F1,9 = 6.941, p = 0.0272). The result points to orexin-linked hyperarousal as a testable explanation for steroid-induced …

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