A 2026 umbrella review of 16 systematic reviews covering 371 trials found strong medication evidence for tobacco and opioid use disorders, modest benefits for alcohol use disorder, and no approved drugs for stimulant or cannabis use disorders.1 Varenicline more than doubled smoking quit rates vs. placebo, methadone kept people in opioid treatment longer than buprenorphine, …
At entry to US specialty clinics, 34% of 2,951 young people with first-episode psychosis reported suicidal thoughts and 7% had attempted suicide in the previous 6 months. A 2026 Early Psychosis Intervention Network (EPINET) analysis found odds fell 76% for thoughts and 85% for attempts over 2 years of care.1 With no comparison group, the …
A 2026 analysis of 41 randomized studies involving 21,025 adults with schizophrenia found the largest estimated reductions in hostility and aggression for clozapine (standardized mean difference, or SMD, of −0.75), paliperidone (−0.62), and olanzapine (−0.60) vs. placebo.1 Confidence in every comparison was low or very low, the top 3 were not statistically separable, and most …
A 2026 meta-analysis of 50 studies estimated that about 1 in 3 people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have ADHD (33%), and that roughly 1 in 10 have autism (11%), seizures (11%), depression (13%), or anxiety (12%).1 Every one of those figures sits well above typical population rates, but the individual studies disagreed so widely …
A 2026 meta-analysis of 11 reports from small randomized trials found that virtual reality (VR) training modestly improved thinking-test scores in people with Alzheimer’s dementia (standardized effect 0.44), but it did not produce a clear benefit for everyday functioning, quality of life, or mood.1 The studies were small, several had design problems, and the researchers …
A 7-trial review favored adding celecoxib to antidepressants for depression, but its benefit was not confirmed after 3 high-risk trials were excluded.
A 2025 scoping review of 292 adult ADHD randomized controlled trials found that 49.7% allocated diagnosis without a general psychopathology assessment, and only 35% reported that psychiatrists or psychologists assigned the ADHD diagnosis. Research Highlights 292 adult ADHD RCTs were reviewed: Studart et al. screened 706 PubMed records and included 292 randomized controlled studies.1 49.7% …