Saphris (Asenapine) is a drug that was approved by the FDA in 2007 for the treatment of schizophrenia and the manic phases of bipolar disorder. It functions by acting primarily on 5-HT2A serotonergic receptors and D2 dopaminergic receptors as an antagonist. It also elicits effects on a variety of other serotonergic receptors (5HT2B, 5HT2C, 5HT6, …
Perhaps you’ve heard of the fictional story “Flowers for Algernon” about a laboratory mouse named Algernon. The mouse undergoes a nootropic-esque surgical procedure that dramatically amplifies his intelligence. The experiment is deemed so successful, that scientists decide to test the procedure in a human character named Charlie Gordon. Prior to the artificial enhancement of Charlie’s …
Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid that was discovered in 1846 by Justus von Liebig, a German chemist. The word “tyrosine” is derived from the Greek term “tyros” – meaning “cheese.” L-Tyrosine is commonly taken in the form of a dietary supplement to facilitate catecholamine synthesis. Upon ingestion of L-tyrosine, the body metabolizes it into …
L-Theanine is a non-essential amino acid derived primarily from the plant Camellia sinensis. It was discovered as a green tea constituent circa 1950, and can also be found within other types of tea including black tea and white tea. The levorotatory “L” (left-handed) enantiomer is more popular than the dextrorotatory “D” enantiomer and better understood. …
L-Theanine is considered an amino acid analogue of both L-glutamate and L-glutamine, and is commonly derived from various species of plants. L-theanine is perhaps best known for being present within green tea, and was scientifically noted as an element of green tea just before the year 1950. In addition to being present in green tea, …
Rhodiola rosea has become a popular dietary supplement in recent years. Rhodiola rosea is a plant derived from the Crassulaceae family and is typically extracted from mountainous, cold climates where it can be found growing on cliffs; it is most commonly found in higher altitudes. For centuries, many people have used Rhodiola rosea as a …
Rhodiola rosea is a perennial plant in the Crassulaceae family that grows in cold, mountainous regions and/or on cliffs. Rhodiola is most commonly extracted from regions such as the Arctic, Central Asia, as well as the Alps, Pyrenees, and Carpathian mountains. The flower produced by rhodiola rosea is visible as a yellowish or yellow-green color, …