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Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Schizophrenia Linked to High Glucocorticoid Levels in Hair (2024 Study)

The intricate dance between parasites, mental health, and stress hormones is a subject of growing scientific inquiry, offering fascinating insights into how microscopic organisms might influence human behavior and psychiatric conditions. A recent study delves into the relationship between Toxoplasma gondii (TG), a common protozoan parasite, and its potential impact on individuals with schizophrenia, focusing …

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Acupuncture Side Effects & Adverse Reactions (List)

Acupuncture is a form of complementary alternative medicine (CAM) in which a practitioner (acupuncturist) stimulates the skin of his/her client transcutaneously [with needles] or transdermally [with electrical pulses or lasers].  According to proponents of traditional Chinese medicine, the precise stimulation of sites across the skin (referred to as “acupuncture points”) modulates the flow of energy …

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Long Term Effects of Modafinil: Hypothetical Risks & Rewards

Modafinil (brand name “Provigil”) is a blockbuster eugeroic drug synthesized by Cephalon Pharmaceuticals (now Teva) and approved in 1998 for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy.  It was since approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea, as well as to normalize circadian rhythms in diagnoses …

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