A 2026 rat study found that activating PACAP signaling in the lateral septum amplified stress-hormone release and anxiety-like behavior, while blocking endogenous PACAP receptors produced an anxiolytic pattern.1 The result makes the lateral septum look less like a passive relay and more like a stress-reactivity node in the PACAP pathway. Research Highlights Stress hormones rose: …
Depression, a complex and multifaceted disorder, challenges both individuals and society with its pervasive effects and the limitations of current treatments. Recent research has spotlighted the opioid system, specifically the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), as a potential target for innovative treatments. This focus is grounded in findings that KOR activation influences stress hormone levels and …
Statins are among the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide. While best known for lowering cholesterol, emerging evidence suggests that statin drugs may also impact mental health – but in complex, and sometimes contradictory, ways. Key Facts: Animal and some human studies show statins may have antidepressant effects by altering neurotransmitters, promoting neurogenesis, and reducing inflammation. …