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Drug Addiction Linked to Cortical Thinning in 65 of 68 Brain Regions

Photoreal illustration of a human brain with cortical regions highlighted across substance categories, representing the cross-substance morphometric pattern in addiction.

Whether alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, and cannabis damage the same brain regions or different brain regions has been hard to settle in the addiction-imaging literature. A 2026 ENIGMA Addiction analysis by Georgiadis et al. — pooling 4,733 brains across 51 sites — now has an answer. Research Highlights Across 2,782 people with substance use disorder (SUD) …

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Natural Plant Polysaccharides for Depression: Antidepressant Mechanisms & Effects (2024 Review)

Depression is a complex mental health disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, presenting a significant challenge for current medical treatments due to various side effects and drug resistances associated with conventional antidepressants. In response, researchers have turned their attention to natural plant polysaccharides, which have shown promising antidepressant effects through diverse mechanisms. This exploration …

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Berberine for Depression: Mechanisms & Antidepressant Effects (2024 Review)

Depression, a pervasive global health issue, significantly impairs quality of life and burdens the healthcare system. Despite the availability of numerous antidepressants, their effectiveness is often limited, pushing researchers to explore alternative treatments. Berberine, a natural compound with a diverse pharmacological profile, has shown promising antidepressant effects, offering a potential complementary or alternative approach to …

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Ketogenic Diet for ADHD Treatment via Gut Microbiome Modulation (2023 Study)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder commonly found in children, characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Recent research has revealed a connection between gut microbiota and neuropsychiatric disorders like ADHD. A new study suggests that the ketogenic diet could provide therapeutic benefit in ADHD by modulating gut bacteria and …

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Serotonin Map of the Brain To Optimize Antidepressant Development

While many people find antidepressants helpful for managing major depression, others are unable to find them therapeutic. It has long been thought that the neurotransmitter serotonin is responsible for contributing to cases of depression. Researchers and pharmaceutical companies alike have long believed that serotonin is the primary underlying factor associated with poor mood and other psychological …

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