Phentermine is a natural monoamine alkaloid derivative that was initially approved by the United States FDA in 1959 as an anorectic (appetite suppressant) for the treatment of obesity. It was popularized throughout the early 1970s under the brand name medication “Fastin,” marketed by King Pharmaceuticals. In the late 1990s phentermine was discontinued from pharmaceutical circulation, …
GABA Reuptake Inhibitors (GRIs) function by inhibiting the reuptake of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). The inhibition of GABA reuptake inevitably leads to more gamma-aminobutyric acid between synapses. The effects of GRI medications typically involve decreasing arousal in the central nervous system, leading to anxiolytic effects, sedation, and altered states of consciousness. These medications are …
Antidepressants are medications that were developed to treat major depression. In addition to treating depression, many antidepressants have been found therapeutically beneficial for other conditions such as: anxiety disorders, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, and insomnia. There are many different types of antidepressants on the market for clinical use. A majority of antidepressants prescribed in …
Atypical antidepressants are unique from other classes of antidepressants based on pharmacological properties. These days, the most common antidepressants fit into one of a few categories: SSRIs/SNRIs, TCAs, and MAOIs. Respectively these are: selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclics (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). SSRIs and SNRIs are considered the …
Sugar refers to short-chain carbohydrates that are sweet and used in food. Most people know sugar as a whitish crystal-like powder with a sweet taste that is often added to food. Each year, hundreds of millions of tons of table sugar are produced across the world. The sugar that you eat is scientifically referred to …