pain
Published research on pain.

A 2026 multicenter Italian cohort followed 216 early Parkinson’s disease patients for 24 months after levodopa initiation and found sex/gender differences in non-motor symptom burden.1 Women…
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A 2026 exploratory analysis of the ABCD cancer dyspnea trial found that higher baseline cytokines predicted less placebo symptom improvement than lower baseline cytokines across 33 of 40 cyt…
Read article →Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical evergreen tree from the coffee family (Rubiaceae) native to Indonesia, Papa New Guinea, Thailand and other parts of Southeast Asia. The kratom tree …
Read article →Gabapentin is rumored to have been synthesized by chemists in the 1970s in attempt to develop an antispasmodic agent. After its synthesis, rights to gabapentin were acquired by Parke-Davis (…
Read article →Kybella (Deoxycholic acid) is an injectable medication engineered by Kythera Biopharmaceuticals and approved by the FDA in April 2015 for the management of moderate-to-severe submental fat (…
Read article →Gabapentin is a drug that was formally approved in 1993 for the treatment of epilepsy. It is still commonly used as an anticonvulsant drug, generally as an adjunct. Roughly a decade later, t…
Read article →Tramadol (Ultram) is an atypical opioid drug that is primarily utilized to help people manage moderate or severe pain. It is considered an “atypical” opioid due to the fact that it also prev…
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