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5-Week Mindfulness Training Effects on Brain Structure & Behavior: Caudate Volume Reduction & Less Impulsivity (2024 Study)

Mindfulness training is more than a meditative practice; it’s a transformative journey that reshapes our brain, improves our mental faculties, and alters how we respond to emotions and impulses. Recent research has shed light on how this ancient practice can lead to significant changes in the brain’s structure, particularly in the caudate nucleus, and influence …

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Naltrexone & Weight Loss: What Should You Expect?

Naltrexone is a chemical initially synthesized in 1963 and patented thereafter by the pharmaceutical company Endo Laboratories in 1967.  It is considered a substituted derivative of oxymorphone in that the tertiary amine methyl-constituent is replaced with an allyl group (specifically an N-cyclopropylmethyl group) – or a longer chain of carbon atoms.  It was initially approved …

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Mirapex (Pramipexole) Side Effects & Adverse Reactions (List)

Mirapex (Pramipexole) is a medication that was approved by the FDA in 1997 for the treatment of idiopathic (early-stage and advanced) Parkinson’s disease.  Analysis of the drug’s pharmacodynamics reveals its function as a mixed partial/full dopamine agonist, with highest affinity for: D3 receptors, D2 receptors (D2S and D2L), and D4 receptors (in that order).  To …

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Neurofeedback For ADHD: Is It An Effective Treatment?

Neurofeedback is a practice devised to optimize the electrical activity within a person’s brain a.k.a. adjust their brain waves.  It is based on the premise that abnormal electrical activity in certain regions of the brain may contribute to various psychological conditions and may compromise mental performance.  The goal of neurofeedback is to correct electrical abnormalities …

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What’s the Difference Between ADD and ADHD?

What’s the difference between ADD and ADHD? ADD stands for “attention deficit disorder” while ADHD stands for “attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.” There really isn’t much of a difference other than in ADHD, there is “hyperactivity.” Both are characterized by extreme deficits and/or inability to focus and pay attention. Some would suggest that the term ADD has …

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