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Suspected Narcolepsy Turned Out to Be Epilepsy and Sleep Apnea

MHD card showing a sleeping person lying face-up on a pillow under a crescent moon, with a breathing wave that pauses and then turns into a jagged seizure-like burst, illustrating a case of suspected narcolepsy that turned out to be epilepsy and sleep apnea.

In a 2026 case report from China, a 34-year-old woman with mild intellectual disability was sent for evaluation of possible narcolepsy. Sleep testing and EEG instead showed epilepsy and moderate obstructive sleep apnea.1 Research Highlights Narcolepsy was ruled unlikely: she took 9.3 minutes on average to fall asleep during daytime nap tests, with no early …

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Seletracetam for Seizure Rescue: Non-Benzodiazepine Alternative Revisited

MHD featured image for seletracetam as a possible non-benzodiazepine seizure rescue therapy.

A 2026 CNS Drugs review argues that seletracetam, an abandoned second-generation racetam antiseizure drug, may be unusually well suited for seizure rescue: early oral studies involved 171 participants, photosensitivity responses occurred in 32 of 36 exposures, and one intranasal named-patient use reduced reading-induced spike rate from 3.1/min to 1.6/min without sedation. Research Highlights Rescue-therapy rationale: …

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Levetiracetam Range in Children: 2.82-24.37 mcg/mL TDM

MHD featured image for levetiracetam therapeutic drug monitoring in children with epilepsy.

A 2026 real-world study involving 1,174 children with epilepsy proposed a levetiracetam therapeutic drug monitoring range of 2.82-24.37 mcg/mL, much lower than commonly cited adult-style ranges, but the same data also warned against treating a drug level as a stand-alone seizure-control predictor. Research Highlights Lower pediatric range: Sun et al. proposed an observational levetiracetam range …

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Levetiracetam After Stroke: 9 Fewer Deaths in Older Adults

MHD featured image for levetiracetam continuation, post-stroke seizure prevention, and 90-day survival in older adults.

A 2026 Medicare target-trial emulation found continued levetiracetam after acute ischemic stroke was associated with 53 vs. 62 deaths per 1,000 over 90 days, a risk difference of −9 deaths per 1,000 favoring continuation. Research Highlights Survival signal: continued levetiracetam after an initial month of post-stroke use was linked to 53 deaths per 1,000 vs. …

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