A 2026 iScience study found that 45 days of clomipramine improved spatial, working, and reference memory in female APP/PS1 Alzheimer’s-model mice, apparently by blocking the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch rather than by clearing amyloid plaques.1 Research Highlights 45-day clomipramine signal: 6-month female APP/PS1 mice received 25 mg/kg clomipramine every other day for 45 days, then …
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has long been a controversial yet potent treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), particularly in cases resistant to conventional therapies. Despite its effectiveness, the long-term cognitive effects of ECT have been a subject of intense debate. A recent meta-analysis offers new insights into these cognitive changes, shedding light on the nuances of …
Recent research reveals that combining fish oil and choline supplementation may have synergistic effects in boosting levels of brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and memory enhancement in middle-aged mice. Key Facts: Combining fish oil and choline increased DHA levels in the brain more than either supplement alone in mice. The combination upregulated expression of key fatty …
Perhaps you’ve heard of the fictional story “Flowers for Algernon” about a laboratory mouse named Algernon. The mouse undergoes a nootropic-esque surgical procedure that dramatically amplifies his intelligence. The experiment is deemed so successful, that scientists decide to test the procedure in a human character named Charlie Gordon. Prior to the artificial enhancement of Charlie’s …
Ginkgo Biloba is a highly popular tree native to China that is often cultivated for use as both a food source and dietary supplement. Some fossil evidence suggests that Ginkgo has been utilized for over 270 million years. Various temples in China are noted to have very old Ginkgo trees, some of which were planted …
You’ve probably been told that in order to achieve happiness, you need to look inwards and meditate. While introspection (internal awareness) and meditation aren’t requirements to feel happy or live a great life, practicing meditation can lead to significant improvements in mental health (brain functioning) and physical health for certain individuals. Therefore it is recommended …
Biohacking is defined as making conscious changes to your biology (e.g. central nervous system) in order to “hack” or control the way that it functions. An example of a very simple biohack would be taking a supplement with the intention of improving your cholesterol levels. Assuming you’ve done your research and the supplement works, you’ve …