OCD Clinical AI Reached AUROC 0.653 but Failed Site Generalization
A 2026 ENIGMA-OCD preprint tested a transformer model on resting-state fMRI from 1,706 participants and reached AUROC = 0.653 ± 0.039 for OCD classification.1 The more important result was the failure mode: held-out-site performance ranged from AUROC 0.427 to 0.819, which is exactly the gap clinical AI has to close before brain-scan diagnosis is credible. …
